Many of the measures included in previous sections to mitigate impacts caused by transport infrastructure can be applied to different transport modes. However, most have been developed particularly for roads, since ‘road ecology’ has been developing for more than three decades. This field of expertise is moving towards a more comprehensive approach, named ‘transport ecology’.
The following sections include brief recommendations to mitigate impacts of particular transport infrastructure modes or specific features such as: railways electrification systems, powerlines and airports.